Gaseous-fuel-mixing manifold



Dec. 6, 1927.

J. H. HOLLOWAY GASEOUS FUEL MIXING MANIFOLD Filed A112. 17 1925 Patented Dec. 6, 1927.

Ja e E. HoLLoWifi or LAFAYETTE, fINDIANA GAsEovs-F'mnmmm iitiiNIr0141).

- "Apialication filed August "17; 1925'; swim m. 50,687.

d This inv eiition relates actual feeding for approximating a homogeneous mixture of the fuel and combustionsupportlng'gas.

This invention -lias utility when incorporated for thedeliveryofetuel to internal combustionmotors, especially of the multicylindertype. v I I I Referring to tlie drmyiugs z 4 Fig. l is a fragmentary View o:f a niotor vehicle havinganelnbodiment of the invention incorporated therein; j

Fig 2 is anenla'rge the intake manifold of Fig.lfshowingfthe fuel'c'on'nningling ieattlre'therein; I r

Fig, 3 a View of "an in ake manifold, with parts hroke'nTaW-ay, shcwinfg as carrying thereinan embed'h nent of the fuel commingling' device; and f I F"g. 4 is-a View similar to 8flvi'th-the ing device as a region of internal corninin projections. V

The motor vehicle l is shown as propelled by niulti-c ylinder intei combustion-under Qfha-Vi'ng exhaust mmrold 3. Liquid fuel supply line 4 extends to carburetor 5' ha'v'iiig connection 6 'asseinbliii'g-lwith riser-portion 7 or intake manifold having 1 branches 8 to the 1notor2. Y v I For equipmenflas 110W in use, the i i-Ven- "an extent" desired inithe' iiitake manitold helix 9." Throttle 10"01"; the usual butterfly type,at anyiractio'ns of fully; open, tends toldefiect' the mixture of liquid ii'uel as more or lessfthoioughly subdivided in the cjomj v busti'on suppoitingfgasor air, toWardthe side Wall Qf tllB riser 7 toward\i liich' thelde li sideof the throttle disk as awaits is directed. I Thistendstotlirowthe heavier portions of tliefinixture "more against such v side Wall ofth e riser of the ihta lze'ni'sniffoldior precipitation oi condensing er the "iuelout 0t thegas and tofcling tojsuch"Wall. This precipitation or: condensation leaves portion oi the niagin current leaned as passing'fro n the intake, 1 V i i This'th'roiving o'l the'fuel 'out o' f the mixture is variable. The jcharact er either atmosphere, especially as to huinidity, is a factor in' 'the fuel take up'at the vaporization in the carburetor. Temperature ofboth the fuel and the air are other factors, While the character'of the gasoleneor liquid fuel, as Well asthe speed and motor load also react tioiu As such heavier matter in the fuel-gas d View or a portion tion is i'conveniently adapted by inserting I to 1 to aiiect theefficiencyflof the fuel consuinp mixture flows into the intake, its mass or I gravity, may tend tojlag behind, instead of keep-up with the speed offthe Vehicle,,tl 1fus tending to cause undue deposit upon the cw I alter ,wall 01' the intake. v 1 The helix 9 15' lIBlQLD 'SllOWII as; an addit on-aielcmciit i g -t angular c t a lion, haiv'iug longer side 11*, from the inward l y. pro ectingaright angle port on, as the side for deflecting the -=1ncon u mg 5 m xture c as cross currentsinto the centralflow, -Thismar- 1f? ginal disturbance is peripherally-jot theffloiv incited from the annular regions of this helixs9. I Side 12 extending outwardly iron;

the right angleis more abrupt from the-line of the flow. Hypotenuse 13 of thishe-lixfi) approximates outer cylindrical contour; in practice somewhat larger. than the interior of such riser .or" branch portions 'o fjthe in take'in which ;tojhe;ii 1ser;ted, so that 351C I Vrior.

The fiow of the dfuellmiiiture ct tlacted' for, insertion, thewire of ,thishelix the intakepas's'ages. Helix sides 11 inward-t V ly direct the peripheral portionqf gsufchcure rent zfiow', and, as. to 1deposited fuelparticles, slightly'swirls and urges .such together as collections .-.Which move up to Etli'e right angle edge 0% reduced; adherence, and rare Lthence blown off such edge-"and ginward toward tlie cent-rial (region. of the flow: 'for Zre.co1n1nin'- gling or reatoinization i-therei'n; Furtherinoreg t his restrictedyand high'ernvelocity region at the edge of i the helix :9. ia's inwardly 1'3i'ojecting, induces drafti pull into the; curlrcnt fie-w up albng the? side/12 intothefinixture." A region'lt of sliglitlydow'er pressure is thus-rcreated between tthe zwraps of the inwardly extendingedge isthu's urged toexpa'nd "tori collection of the condensation-m nd "helix intoxwhich the ition after {passing the *glingoperatien. .The'feeding otf of the 1condensation from: the inw ardly proj ecting edge of the helix .9 has; the flow: 0t2 such heavier matter directed 1 into thev,centr algportiom oi the current-flow; while; the lower pressure region as beyond such edge and of larger diameter tends to suck thereinto the nonfuel carrying or lighter portions of the gases. It Will thus be seen that this action is automatic and selective for causing those gas portions Whichare furthest from saturation to be active in the condensation pickup. Again this peripheral restriction and expansion along the direction of flow, inasmuch as the received fiow is moreor less central, has but slight tendency for swirling, but with a markedly perceptible and really effective turbulency promotion throughout the cross-section of the currentflow. Accordingly these major and minor flow actions are jointly cumulative for insuring uniformity inthe quality of the fuel mixture. In multiple delivery from'such intake, as to different motor cylinders, there is thus insured such uniformity in fuel mixture quality as metered by the carburetor, a condition for smooth running, with efficient uniform impulses delivered to the crankshaft.

Turbulencv or straight flow disturbance means may be incorporated as a structural feature integral with the manifold of the intake in the form of the accessory of 1, 2, or as a ditferenttype, as integral rings 15 (Fig. 3), or asa lining of projections 16 (Fig. 4), and throughout or to the extent desired. y

Combustion chamber 17 as enlarged by the descent of the piston of the motor 2 in the cylinder from such chamber, induces suction past poppet valve 18 as controllably opened, to bring about the mixed fuel and air rapid flow in the intake manifold past the controllable throttlefrom the adjusted carburetor. This turbulency depends for its velocity upon the motor suction, and brings about improved conditions of motor operation and control. a i

There is the insured uniformity in quality of mixture of fuel to the several motor cylinders. This fuel uniformity means such identity ofmixture for the different cylinders u n startin from a cold motor that the firing is regu ar. The motor will idle at very much lower speeds with the device of this invention, or under themethod of turbulency herein disclosed, than when such is omitted. The motor running is smooth at all speeds andloads, and it is probably resultant from this latter condition that hill climbing powerand low speed heavy loads do not cause mis-firing or untoward motor operation. While there may be construed as reduction in the cross-sectional effective area of the intake manifold as hereunder, such does not seem to throttle or check the fuel flow general uniform velocity in any detrimental manner as approximately constant or uniform throughout the lineal extent as between the carburetor and throttle, for such is not detectable in fuel adjustment carburetor and the cylinder of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, said manifold having a riser from the butterfly discharge valve of the carburetor, said manifold riser further having a central axial clearway throughout upward from said valve in the vertical extent thereof, said manifold riser being provided with inwardly extending means peripherally ar ranged within the riser vertical extent to impart such turbulency to the fuel mixture as to neutralize unbalancing of the fuel richness from butterfly valve action. and from vehicle travel action. a j

2. A mixing device comprising an intake manifold adapted to be inserted between the carburetor and the cylinder of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, said manifold having a riser from the butterfly discharge valve of the carburetor, said manifold riser further having a central axial clearway throughout upward from said valve, for maintaining uniform pressure with continuous upward .flow, said manifold riser being provided with helical rib forming means peripherally arranged withinthe riser with t e opposite walls tapering from said ribs to provide a inwardly extending, continuous deflector, and imparting such turbulency to the fuel mixture as to neutralize. unbalancing of the fuel richness from butterfly valve action and from vehicle travel action.

3. A mixing devicecomprising an intake manifold adapted to be inserted in new and fuel conduit of the a multi-cylinder internal combustion motor, and a helix of ri ht triangular form in cross-section perip ierally expanded into said manifold with the hypotenuse of the helix engaging the wall of the manifold and the longer le of the helix inwardly extending in the direction of the gas flow thereover in the manifold.

In witness whereof I afiix my signature.

JOHN H. HOLLOWAY.

sharp,

intake manifold. for 

